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Caprini Score (Surgical VTE Risk)

Surgery

Caprini Score (Surgical VTE Risk)

Stratifies surgical patients for DVT/PE risk and guides anticoagulation prophylaxis.

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Parameters

Patient Age Group*

1 pt: Minor surgery planned (< 45 minutes)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

1 pt: Overweight or Obese (BMI > 25 kg/m²)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

1 pt: Swollen legs or visible varicose veins

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

1 pt: Oral contraceptives or Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

1 pt: Pregnancy or postpartum (< 1 month)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

1 pt: Severe sepsis, pneumonia, or serious lung disease (< 1 month)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

1 pt: History of CHF or Acute MI (< 1 month)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

1 pt: History of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn’s / UC)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

2 pts: Major open/laparoscopic or arthroscopic surgery (> 45 min)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

2 pts: Central venous line / PICC / port in place

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

2 pts: Malignancy (current or previous within 5 years)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

2 pts: Patient confined to bed (> 72 hours)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

2 pts: Immobilizing plaster cast or rigid splint (< 1 month)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

3 pts: Personal past history of DVT or PE

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

3 pts: Family history of thrombosis (first-degree relative)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

3 pts: Known inherited/acquired thrombophilia (Factor V, Lupus Anticoagulant, etc.)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

5 pts: Elective major lower extremity arthroplasty (Total Hip/Knee replacement)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

5 pts: Hip, pelvis, or leg fracture (< 1 month)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

5 pts: Acute stroke or acute spinal cord injury with paralysis (< 1 month)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

5 pts: Multiple major trauma (< 1 month)

Yes, this condition applies to the patient

Caprini Score (Surgical VTE Risk) Result

FormulaSum of weighted surgical and patient risk factors (Age 0-3 pts, 1-pt items, 2-pt items, 3-pt items, 5-pt items)

Clinical Pearls

The global standard model for surgical thromboprophylaxis decision-making, minimizing post-operative pulmonary embolisms and fatal clots.

Limitations

Contraindications to anticoagulation (active bleeding, severe thrombocytopenia, planned epidural catheter removal) must always be screened before starting chemical prophylaxis.

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